{"id":162954,"date":"2026-02-11T16:12:54","date_gmt":"2026-02-11T16:12:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/news.gyankatta.org\/?p=162954"},"modified":"2026-02-11T16:13:56","modified_gmt":"2026-02-11T16:13:56","slug":"%e0%a4%ad%e0%a5%8b%e0%a4%9c%e0%a4%aa%e0%a5%81%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80-%e0%a4%94%e0%a4%b0-%e0%a4%ae%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%a0%e0%a5%80","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/news.gyankatta.org\/?p=162954","title":{"rendered":"\u092d\u094b\u091c\u092a\u0941\u0930\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0930\u093e\u0920\u0940"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u092d\u094b\u091c\u092a\u0941\u0930\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0930\u093e\u0920\u0940 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0939\u0940 <strong>\u0907\u0902\u0921\u094b-\u0906\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0928 (\u0939\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926-\u0906\u0930\u094d\u092f)<\/strong> \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0906\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u092d\u094b\u091c\u092a\u0941\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 &#8216;\u092e\u093e\u0917\u0927\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924&#8217; \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0939\u0948, \u0935\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092e\u0930\u093e\u0920\u0940 &#8216;\u092e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924&#8217; \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0905\u0932\u0917-\u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0936\u093e\u0916\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0935\u091c\u0942\u0926, <strong>\u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924<\/strong> \u0907\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u091d\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0907\u0928 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0907\u0928 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 (Categorization) \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0939\u0948\u0902:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u093e\u0935\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e (Lexical Similarity)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0948\u0915\u0921\u093c\u094b\u0902 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0910\u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u094b \u092f\u093e \u0924\u094b \u092c\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0915\u0941\u0932 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0902 (<strong>\u0924\u0924\u094d\u0938\u092e<\/strong> &#8211; \u0938\u0940\u0927\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0938\u0947) \u092f\u093e \u0925\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u092c\u0926\u0932\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092c\u094b\u0932\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 (<strong>\u0924\u0926\u094d\u092d\u0935<\/strong>)\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td><strong>\u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 (\u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0940\/\u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u0940)<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u092d\u094b\u091c\u092a\u0941\u0930\u0940<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u092e\u0930\u093e\u0920\u0940<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u092e\u0942\u0932<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u0928\u093e\u092e (Name)<\/strong><\/td><td>\u0928\u093e\u092e (Naam)<\/td><td>\u0928\u093e\u0935\/\u0928\u093e\u092e (Naav\/Naam)<\/td><td>\u0928\u093e\u092e\u0928\u094d (Naman)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0939\u093e\u0925 (Hand)<\/strong><\/td><td>\u0939\u093e\u0925 (Haath)<\/td><td>\u0939\u093e\u0924 (Haat)<\/td><td>\u0939\u0938\u094d\u0924 (Hasta)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0917\u093e\u0901\u0935 (Village)<\/strong><\/td><td>\u0917\u093e\u0901\u0935 (Gaon)<\/td><td>\u0917\u093e\u0935 (Gaav)<\/td><td>\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e (Grama)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 (Water)<\/strong><\/td><td>\u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 (Paani)<\/td><td>\u092a\u093e\u0923\u0940 (Paani)<\/td><td>\u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092f (Paniya)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0918\u0930 (House)<\/strong><\/td><td>\u0918\u0930 (Ghar)<\/td><td>\u0918\u0930 (Ghar)<\/td><td>\u0917\u0943\u0939 (Griha)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0926\u0939\u0940 (Curd)<\/strong><\/td><td>\u0926\u0939\u0940 (Dahi)<\/td><td>\u0926\u0939\u0940 (Dahi)<\/td><td>\u0926\u0927\u093f (Dadhi)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u0935\u093e\u0915\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e (Sentence Structure &#8211; Syntax)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u0940 (Subject-Verb-Object) \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092a\u0930\u0940\u0924, \u092d\u094b\u091c\u092a\u0941\u0930\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0930\u093e\u0920\u0940 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 <strong>SOV (\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e-\u0915\u0930\u094d\u092e-\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e)<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092f\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e (Verb) \u0935\u093e\u0915\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0935\u093e\u0915\u094d\u092f:<\/strong> &#8220;\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0918\u0930 \u091c\u093e \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901\u0964&#8221;\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u092d\u094b\u091c\u092a\u0941\u0930\u0940:<\/strong> \u0939\u092e \u0918\u0930 <strong>\u091c\u093e\u0924 \u092c\u093e\u0928\u0940<\/strong>\u0964 (\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e &#8211; \u0915\u0930\u094d\u092e &#8211; \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092e\u0930\u093e\u0920\u0940:<\/strong> \u092e\u0940 \u0918\u0930\u0940 <strong>\u091c\u093e\u0924 \u0906\u0939\u0947<\/strong>\u0964 (\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e &#8211; \u0915\u0930\u094d\u092e &#8211; \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u0947\u0902:<\/strong> \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 &#8216;\u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e&#8217; \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f &#8216;\u091c\u093e\u0924&#8217; (Jaat) \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0907\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0915\u0930\u0923\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \u092a\u0930\u0938\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915 (Postpositions\/Morphology)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 Prepositions (In, On, At) \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0932\u0917\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u092d\u094b\u091c\u092a\u0941\u0930\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0930\u093e\u0920\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0947 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0915\u0947 <strong>\u092c\u093e\u0926<\/strong> (Postpositions) \u0932\u0917\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 (Possession &#8211; \u0915\u093e\/\u0915\u0940\/\u0915\u0947):<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u092d\u094b\u091c\u092a\u0941\u0930\u0940:<\/strong> \u0930\u093e\u092e <strong>\u0915\u0947<\/strong> \u0918\u0930 (Ram <strong>ke<\/strong> ghar)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092e\u0930\u093e\u0920\u0940:<\/strong> \u0930\u093e\u092e <strong>\u091a\u0947<\/strong> \u0918\u0930 (Ram <strong>che<\/strong> ghar)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e:<\/em> \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915 \u091a\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939 (\u0915\u0947\/\u091a\u0947) \u0932\u0917\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u0930\u0923 (Location &#8211; \u092e\u0947\u0902\/\u0905\u0902\u0926\u0930):<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u092d\u094b\u091c\u092a\u0941\u0930\u0940:<\/strong> \u0918\u0930 <strong>\u092e\u0947\u0902<\/strong> (Ghar <strong>mein<\/strong>)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092e\u0930\u093e\u0920\u0940:<\/strong> \u0918\u0930\u093e<strong>\u0924<\/strong> (Ghar<strong>at<\/strong>)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e:<\/em> \u092e\u0930\u093e\u0920\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 &#8216;\u0924&#8217; \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u092f \u0932\u0917\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u094b\u091c\u092a\u0941\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 &#8216;\u092e\u0947\u0902&#8217;, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. \u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f (Script)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0939\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e\u090f\u0901 <strong>\u0926\u0947\u0935\u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u0940<\/strong> \u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u092f\u0926\u093f \u0906\u092a \u092e\u0930\u093e\u0920\u0940 \u092a\u0922\u093c\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0924\u094b \u0906\u092a \u092d\u094b\u091c\u092a\u0941\u0930\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u0906\u0938\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0922\u093c \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 (\u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092a\u0930\u0940\u0924), \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>\u0910\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0925\u094d\u092f:<\/em> \u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u094b\u091c\u092a\u0941\u0930\u0940 <strong>\u0915\u0948\u0925\u0940<\/strong> \u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0930\u093e\u0920\u0940 <strong>\u092e\u094b\u0921\u0940<\/strong> \u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0925\u0940, \u091c\u094b \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0939\u0940 \u0924\u094d\u0935\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928 (cursive styles) \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0925\u0940\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. \u0927\u094d\u0935\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e (Phonology)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u092b\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0932 \u0939\u0948:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0927\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0927\u094d\u0935\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 (Retroflex Sounds):<\/strong> \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091f, \u0920, \u0921, \u0922 \u0915\u093e \u092d\u0930\u092a\u0942\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>&#8216;\u0933&#8217; (Lla) \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917:<\/strong> \u092e\u0930\u093e\u0920\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 <strong>&#8216;\u0933&#8217;<\/strong> \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0939\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0901\u0915\u093f \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915 \u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0939 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u0908 \u0926\u0947\u0939\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u092d\u094b\u091c\u092a\u0941\u0930\u0940 \u092c\u094b\u0932\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 &#8216;\u0932&#8217; \u0915\u093e \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0907\u0924\u0928\u093e \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0935\u0939 \u092e\u0930\u093e\u0920\u0940 \u0915\u0947 &#8216;\u0933&#8217; \u091c\u0948\u0938\u093e \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093e\u0908 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u092a\u093f \u092e\u0930\u093e\u0920\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0925\u094b\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u091f\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948 (\u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 &#8211; \u092a\u0941\u0932\u094d\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917, \u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917, \u0928\u092a\u0941\u0902\u0938\u0915\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u092d\u094b\u091c\u092a\u0941\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0926\u094b \u0939\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902), \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u092d\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u092d\u094b\u091c\u092a\u0941\u0930\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092e\u0930\u093e\u0920\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u0916\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0925\u094b\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0906\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u0921\u093c\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092c\u094b\u0932\u091a\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e \u0926\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0906\u092a \u0926\u0947\u0916 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0935\u091f \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 (Verbs) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0926\u0948\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092c\u094b\u0932\u091a\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0915\u094d\u092f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td><strong>\u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0940 (Hindi)<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u092d\u094b\u091c\u092a\u0941\u0930\u0940 (Bhojpuri)<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u092e\u0930\u093e\u0920\u0940 (Marathi)<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092c\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0941<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u0906\u092a \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902?<\/strong><\/td><td>\u0930\u0909\u0906 <strong>\u0915\u0948\u0938\u0928<\/strong> \u092c\u093e\u0928\u0940?<\/td><td>\u0924\u0941\u092e\u094d\u0939\u0940 <strong>\u0915\u0938\u0947<\/strong> \u0906\u0939\u093e\u0924?<\/td><td>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928\u0935\u093e\u091a\u0915 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 (\u0915\u0948\u0938\u0928\/\u0915\u0938\u0947)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0906\u092a\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/td><td>\u0930\u0909\u0906 <strong>\u0928\u093e\u092e<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0939?<\/td><td>\u0924\u0941\u092e\u091a\u0947 <strong>\u0928\u093e\u0935<\/strong> \u0915\u093e\u092f \u0906\u0939\u0947?<\/td><td>&#8216;\u0928\u093e\u092e&#8217; \u0914\u0930 &#8216;\u0928\u093e\u0935&#8217; \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093e\u091d\u093e \u092e\u0942\u0932<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0916\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0916\u093e \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901\u0964<\/strong><\/td><td>\u0939\u092e \u0916\u093e\u0928\u093e <strong>\u0916\u093e\u0924 \u092c\u093e\u0928\u0940<\/strong>\u0964<\/td><td>\u092e\u0940 \u091c\u0947\u0935\u0923 <strong>\u0916\u093e\u0924 \u0906\u0939\u0947<\/strong>\u0964<\/td><td>&#8216;\u0916\u093e\u0924&#8217; \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0930\u0942\u092a<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0935\u0939 \u0938\u094b \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/td><td>\u0909 <strong>\u0938\u0942\u0924\u093e\u0924<\/strong> \u092c\u093e\u0964<\/td><td>\u0924\u094b <strong>\u091d\u094b\u092a\u0932\u093e\/\u0928\u093f\u091c\u0932\u093e<\/strong> \u0906\u0939\u0947\u0964<\/td><td>\u092d\u094b\u091c\u092a\u0941\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093e &#8216;\u0938\u0942\u0924&#8217; \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924 &#8216;\u0938\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924&#8217; \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0948<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u092a\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0913\u0964<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940<\/strong> \u092a\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0908\u0902\u0964<\/td><td><strong>\u092a\u093e\u0923\u0940<\/strong> \u092a\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0964<\/td><td>&#8216;\u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940&#8217; \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0905\u092d\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/td><td>\u0905\u092d\u0940 <strong>\u0915\u092f \u092c\u091c\u0947<\/strong> \u092c\u093e?<\/td><td>\u0906\u0924\u093e <strong>\u0915\u093f\u0924\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u091c\u0932\u0947<\/strong> \u0906\u0939\u0947\u0924?<\/td><td>\u0938\u092e\u092f \u092a\u0942\u091b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0932\u0939\u091c\u093c\u093e<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u092e\u0941\u091d\u0947 \u0918\u0930 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/td><td>\u0939\u092e\u0930\u093e <strong>\u0918\u0930 \u091c\u093e\u090f<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0964<\/td><td>\u092e\u0932\u093e <strong>\u0918\u0930\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u092f\u091a\u0947<\/strong> \u0906\u0939\u0947\u0964<\/td><td>&#8216;\u0918\u0930&#8217; \u0914\u0930 &#8216;\u091c\u093e\u090f\/\u091c\u093e\u092f&#8217; (Jaa) \u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0915\u0941\u091b \u0926\u093f\u0932\u091a\u0938\u094d\u092a \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0915\u0930\u0923\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0902<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u090a\u092a\u0930 \u0926\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0924\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u092e \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0916\u093e\u0938 \u092c\u093e\u0924\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0938 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0902\u0924 (Continuous Tense):<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u092d\u094b\u091c\u092a\u0941\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u0939\u093e\/\u0930\u0939\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f <strong>&#8216;\u0924&#8217;<\/strong> \u0932\u0917\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 (\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947: \u0916\u093e<strong>\u0924<\/strong>, \u091c\u093e<strong>\u0924<\/strong>)\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092e\u0930\u093e\u0920\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>&#8216;\u0924&#8217;<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 (\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947: \u0916\u093e<strong>\u0924<\/strong>, \u091c\u093e<strong>\u0924<\/strong>)\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0940 (\u0930\u0939\u093e\/\u0930\u0939\u0940) \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0941\u0915\u093e\u092c\u0932\u0947 \u090f\u0915-\u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0930\u0940\u092c \u0932\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0915 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u092d\u094b\u091c\u092a\u0941\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f <strong>&#8216;\u0930\u0909\u0906&#8217;<\/strong> \u092f\u093e <strong>&#8216;\u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947\u0902&#8217;<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092e\u0930\u093e\u0920\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>&#8216;\u0924\u0941\u092e\u094d\u0939\u0940&#8217;<\/strong> \u092f\u093e <strong>&#8216;\u0906\u092a\u0923&#8217;<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0935\u091a\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0935\u093e\u0915\u094d\u092f (Negative Sentences):<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u092d\u094b\u091c\u092a\u0941\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902: \u0939\u092e <strong>\u0928\u093e<\/strong> \u091c\u093e\u0907\u092c\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092e\u0930\u093e\u0920\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902: \u092e\u0940 <strong>\u0928\u093e\u0939\u0940<\/strong> \u091c\u093e\u0923\u093e\u0930\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 &#8216;\u0928\u093e&#8217; \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0928\u093f\u0937\u0947\u0927 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u092d\u094b\u091c\u092a\u0941\u0930\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0930\u093e\u0920\u0940 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0939\u0940 \u0907\u0902\u0921\u094b-\u0906\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0928 (\u0939\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926-\u0906\u0930\u094d\u092f) \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0906\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u092d\u094b\u091c\u092a\u0941\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 &#8216;\u092e\u093e\u0917\u0927\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924&#8217; \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0939\u0948, \u0935\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092e\u0930\u093e\u0920\u0940 &#8216;\u092e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924&#8217; \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0905\u0932\u0917-\u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0936\u093e\u0916\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0935\u091c\u0942\u0926, \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0907\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u091d\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-162954","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u092d\u094b\u091c\u092a\u0941\u0930\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0930\u093e\u0920\u0940 - Gyankatta<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/news.gyankatta.org\/?p=162954\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta 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